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Polyhouse

What is a polyhouse?

Polyhouse is a kind of protected cultivation or greenhouse that uses polyethylene on large scale as a covering material

Benefits of protected cultivation over traditional cultivation:

  • Enormous increase in yield per unit area since fertilizer is able to work effectively in localized area.
  • Temperature can be controlled in small and closed area.
  • Significant reduction in the use of pesticides.
  • High water productivity, thus saving large amount of water.
  • In a closed environment, fruits are less prone to damages done by insects, pests and birds.
  • Yield is safe from environmental damages like rain heat wave and frost bite.
  • Lesser wastage of water, saplings, fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, and labour.

Conclusion: It can increase the yield by 4-8 times than traditional methods.
Thus a farmer can earn maximum profit with minimum labour.

Benefits of fan pad polyhouse:

  • Since plants at a consistent temperature there is less chance of crop loss or harm.
  • Crops can be cultivated at any time of year you need not to wait for specific season.
  • Growth won’t be affected by external climate.
  • Designed to lengthen the growing season and boost of seasonal productivity by regulating light, temperature, humidity, and other factors.
  • Temperature can be reduced by 5-15°C.
  • Majorly used in those environments where efficient cooling is required i.e., in hot and dry areas.
  • Exhaust fan is used to pull air from one end where water soaked pads are kept.
  • It is based on the principle that evaporation causes cooling.

Crop preference:

  • Fruits like papaya, Strawberry, etc
  • Cabbage, Bitter Guard, Capsicum, Radish, Cauliflower, Chilies, Coriander, Onion, Spinach, Tomato etc
  • Flowers like Carnation, Gerberas, Marigold, Orchids, and Roses etc.

Benefits:

  • Ideal for cultivating seasonal commercial crops.
  • Prevalent in peri-urban areas. Saves electricity.
  • Naturally ventilated Polyhouse is highly cost effective
  • Used in nurseries for producing plants of ornamental flowers.

Crops:

  • Flowers like duth roses, Gerbera, Carnation, etc.
  • Vegetables like coloured Capsicum, Cherry tomato

Benefits:

  • Enhance yield during summer season.
  • Protect against insects.
  • Produce graft saplings and reduce their mortality during hot summer days.
  • Protects crops from natural weather disturbance like winds, rain, hail, snow, frost, birds and insects.

Crops:

  • Cultivation of plant foliage plants, medicinal and aromatic plants and species.
  • Nurseries of fruits and vegetables
  • Helps in quality drying of various agro products

Benefits:

  • More viable technology for organic cultivation.
  • Large terrace area is used effectively.
  • Increase in production by controlling humidity and light.
  • Plant density increases as they are able to access direct sunlight.
  • Uniform and direct air and CO2 exchange.

Crops:

  • Vegetables like cucumber, cherry, tomatoes, cabbages, capsicum, broccoli, lettuce, bitter guard, coriander, spinach, and cauliflower.

Solar dryers are used to eliminate the moisture content from crops, vegetables, and fruits. The solar dryer consists of a box made up of easily available and cheap materials like cement, galvanized iron, brick, and plywood. The top surface of the dryer is covered by transparent single and double-layered sheets. The inside surface is colored black to absorb the incoming solar radiation. Since the box is insulated, the inside temperature of the box is raised. 

The air is ventilated through the small holes at the top of the box. As the inside air gets warm, it rises by the natural circulation process and removes the moisture from the fruits, vegetables, and crops placed in trays inside the box. To fill the vacuum, fresh air comes in by a forced draught process and the process continues

Soilless Cultivation

Soilless cultivation is a modern cultivation system of plants that uses either inert organic or inorganic growing substrates, mostly in combination with nutrient solutions to supply nutrients to plants.

The method of growing plants in water is called hydroponics. Nutrients are then directly added to water for plants to access directly.
Benefits:

  • Maximizes space; requires far less space than plants grown in soil.
  • Up to 98% of water is saved as compared to traditional methods.
  • Hydroponics can easily be contained in any structure thus having an easy control over temperature.
  • Requires less labour.
  • Crops grow faster.

Crop preference:

  • Vegetables: lettuce, spinach, peppers, basil, coriander, cucumber, tomatoes, etc.

Categories:
1. Nutrient Film Technique (NFT): A hydroponic technique where in a very shallow stream of water containing all the dissolved nutrients required for plant growth is re-circulated past the bare roots of plants in a watertight gully, also known as channels.
2. Deep Water Culture (DWC):  Deep water culture (DWC) is a hydroponic method of plant production by means of suspending the plant roots in a solution of nutrient-rich, oxygenated water.
3. Tower Based Hydroponics: A hydroponic system that allows horticulturists, to grow all kinds of plants in a well-organized vertical structure.
4. Dutch bucket: This is an incredibly water-and nutrient-efficient method, ideal for growing heavy-feeding and veining plants like tomatoes, peppers, peppers, and eggplants.
5. Fodder System: A system where a grain like barley, wheat or oats is sprouted in plastic trays and allowed to grow for seven days and then fed to livestock.
6. Agronomical Support: Improvement of field crops with the efficient use of soil fertility, water, labor, and other factors associated with crop production which provide a beneficial environment to the crop for higher productivity.
7. Online Consultancy

Benefits :

  • Food is Grown All Year Round
  • Nutritionally, food grown in an aquaponic garden is healthier, fresher and genuinely organic.
  • Reduces Water Usage
  • Plants grow faster when they have access to rich amounts of nutrients and natural fertilizers 24 hours a day.
  • Enjoy two sources of income: the vegetables and fruit they grow and the fish that can also be sold to food manufacturers.

Crop preference:

  • Tomato, Sage, Ginger, Cucumber, Pepper, Sage, Eggplant, Beans, etc.

Benefits :

  • Roots suspended in the air allowing them to take greater air.
  • Plants are saved from water borne disease.
  • Saves water and nutrients.
  • Plants grow faster as they have access to sufficient air, water, nutrients.
  • High multiplication rates of seeds, tubers / corn in tuber crops.

Crop preference:

  • Strawberries, Lettuce, Tomatoes, Mint, Basil, etc

Benefits :

  • One acre yield is equivalent to four acres of land farming yield.
  • Less habitat destruction.
  • No crop failure due to drought, flood, pest, etc.
  • Methane from non-edible waste can be converted to electricity.
  • Vertical farms make farming in difficult conditions possible.
  • Solution to food crisis.
  • Set up requires quite minimal area.

Crop preference:

  • Mushroom, Turmeric, Ginger, Saffron, Lavender, etc.